Raroia Atoll has been instrumented over a period of 10 months (from May 2018 to late March 2019) separated into 3 Legs and 1 extra leg (namely "shortleg"). Physical process such as water level, wave climate, currents ciruclation, exchanges between ocean and lagoon by passes and "hoa" and water column stratification have been measured to characterized the hydrodynamic functioning of this semi-open pearl farming atoll. Numerous moorings have been deployed into lagoon, hoa, passes and external reef slope stations with common autonomous oceanographic instruments measuring at high sampling frequency.  Sampling strategy available on Sextant - (Marine Geographic Information System.)-[https://sextant.ifremer.fr/Donnees/Catalogue#/metadata/b88e3214-17fe-45d1-9b21-2215564ce092] More informations on (ANR MANA project)-[https://www.coreus.ird.fr/index.php/home-en/home/research/portfolio/ongoing-projects/projet-mana].   Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Current Meters in the frame of HERMES project

This data set includes n.5 files containing observational data of a stand-alone mooring, at about 600 m depth along the Levante Canyon of the Eastern Ligurian Sea (44°05.443’N, 9°29.900’E, western Mediterranean). The time series covers the period from November 2020 to October 2022. The dataset includes measurements conducted with two current meters (ADCP RDI QuarterMaster and Nortek Continental) and three CTD probes (SBE37), and provides information about the hydrodynamics and thermohaline properties across almost the entire water column. The mooring is configured and maintained for continuous long-term monitoring being in a particular deep-sea area (about 600 m water depth), that acts as a hot-spot of biodiversity, hosting valuable and vulnerable ecosystems, such as the deep-living cold-water corals. Data are described in the data paper Ciuffardi et al.: Deep water hydrodynamic observations around a Cold-Water Coral habitat in a submarine canyon in the Eastern Ligurian Sea (Mediterranean Sea), Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-466, in review, 2023 Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Current meter Nortek Aquadopp data. Data for 2 current meter deployments of NORTEK Aquadopp instruments at the Rainbow Massif. Instruments where kindly provided by the Parc National d'Instrumentation Océanographique de l'INSU. Data is provided in 2 sets of files, corresponding to deployments AES_C01 and AES_C02. The instruments where installed in a broadband OBS (BBOBS) from the INSU OBS National Park.  Deployment AES_C02 includes two lowerings (see information below, indicated as deployments AES_C02A and AES_C02B). AES_C01 with current meter serial number : A6L6094 (head) AQD11097 (Hardware), deployed on BB03 with deployment AES_B01_BB3. Bottom position: 36.23544°N, 33.91036°W, 2505 m waterdepth. AES_C02_A with current meter serial number : A6L6127 (head) AQD11247 (Hardware), deployed on BB02, deployment AES_B03_BB02. Bottom position: 36.22233°N, 33.87996°W, 1950m waterdepth. AES_C02_B with current meter serial number : A6L6127 (head) AQD11247 (Hardware), deployed on BB02, deployment AES_B06_BB02. Bottom position: 36.2020833°N, 33.8118833°W, 2557m waterdepth. Data are provided in two zipped files that include: AESC0101.aqd: Aquadopp binary file AESC0101.dat: Ascii table of data - full record AESC0101.dia: Aescii data file - partial record AESC0101.hdr: Instrument parameter information and description of columns in AESC0101.dat AESC0101.mat: Matlab file corresponding to AESC0101.dat AESC0101.ssl: Log of instrument (error and info messages) In addition to several instrument logs: AESC01_start.log AES_C01_deploy.dep AESC01_start.dep The ascii file contains 27 columns as follows:   1   Month                         (1-12)   2   Day                              (1-31)   3   Year   4   Hour                             (0-23)   5   Minute                          (0-59)   6   Second                          (0-59)  7   Error code   8   Status code   9   Velocity (Beam1|X|East)          (m/s) 10   Velocity (Beam2|Y|North)     (m/s) 11   Velocity (Beam3|Z|Up)           (m/s) 12   Amplitude (Beam1)                (counts) 13   Amplitude (Beam2)                (counts) 14   Amplitude (Beam3)                (counts) 15   Battery voltage               (V) 16   Soundspeed                   (m/s) 17   Soundspeed used         (m/s) 18   Heading                          (degrees) 19   Pitch                             (degrees) 20   Roll                             (degrees) 21   Pressure                         (dbar) 22   Pressure                         (m) 23   Temperature                  (degrees C) 24   Analog input 1 25   Analog input 2 26   Speed                             (m/s) 27   Direction                        (degrees) Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Here we provide data from the Ross Ice Shelf ocean cavity.  Location  -  The HWD2 Camp was established in October of 2017 at 80o 39.497’S, 174o 27.678’E where the ice is moving seaward at around ~600 m a-1 and is sourced from the Transantarctic Mountains.  Profiling Instruments -  Profiling was primarily conducted with an RBR Concerto CTD (conductivity-temperature depth) profiling instrument, and this was cross-calibrated against irregular profiles with an RBR Duet (pressure and temperature only), a SBE37 MicroCat CTD as well as moored SBE37 MicroCat CTDs.  The RBR unit is small and has suitable sensor capability (temperature and conductivity accuracies of ±0.002°C and ±0.003 mS cm-1).  Its conductivity cell design is not prone to fouling by ice crystals, making it ideal for work in the sometimes crystal-laden borehole conditions.   We were inconsistent in how we mounted the CTD on its protective frame and this appeared to make small difference in the conductivity signal (resulting in an ~0.03 psu variation).  This was post-corrected based on the essentially invariant mooring data from the lower water column as well as SBE37 cross-calibration profile data. Because of the potential for sediment contamination of the sensors, the profiles were mostly conservative in their proximity to the sea floor. On several occasions, profiles were conducted all the way to the sea floor. The temperature and salinity are presented in EOS-80 in order to compare with available data.  Eighty three profiles are provided here (ctd_HWD2_*.dat). In addition, limited microstructure profiling was conducted to provide insight into some of the mixing details. The profiles were conducted by lowering the instrument to the ice base then commencing a sequence of three up-down “yo-yos” before returning to the surface and downloading. A data segment is included here (VMP_HWD2.dat). There were some challenges registering the vertical coordinate for the profiles.  The melting of the borehole generates a trapped pool of relatively fresh water.  The interface between this and the ocean should be near the base of the hole or a little higher – with seawater intrusion.  However, there were some instances where the interface was at a higher pressure (i.e. apparently in the open water column). The best explanation for this is that the water in the borehole is not at static equilibrium for some period after initial melting. We use 34.3 psu as a cut-off, in addition to a pressure criterion to identify the top of the useful oceanic profile.  It is also not inconceivable that water was being ejected from the hole, but it is unlikely that this would have impacted in the consistent observed pattern.  Instrumented Mooring - The mooring instruments at HWD2-A comprised 5 Nortek Aquadopp single point current meters in titanium housings reporting to the surface (30-minute interval, Table SI-Three) via an inductive modem to a Sound-9 data logger and Iridium transmitter. The current meter measurements were corrected to account for the 138o magnetic declination offset (i.e. the south magnetic pole is to the north-west of the field site).  Five files are provided here (HWD2_Init_rcm*.dat4).  Details in: Stevens C, Hulbe C, Brewer M, Stewart C, Robinson N, Ohneiser C and Jendersie J, 2020. Ocean mixing and heat transport processes observed under the Ross Ice Shelf controls its basal melting, accepted PNAS, May 2020. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

Galata platform real time data is one of the most important sources of multi-parameter operational information in the Black Sea which will serve for monitoring, verification and improvement of modeling results and forecasts as well as for collecting long time series of data needed for climatic research. It also provides useful real time information for marine industry and safety.

Galata platform real time data is one of the most important sources of multi-parameter operational information in the Black Sea which will serve for monitoring, verification and improvement of modeling results and forecasts as well as for collecting long time series of data needed for climatic research. It also provides useful real time information for marine industry and safety.

Time-series data from subsurface moorings, U5 and UB2, and vertical profile data of conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) were collected in the southwestern East Sea (Japan Sea). The moored current-meter data were collected using rotary-current meters (RCMs) at U5 at depths of 1000 and 2000 m from November 2002 to May 2006 and at UB2 at depths of 1000 and 1600 m from May 2006 to February 2010. Sampling intervals of the RCMs were 30 minutes or an hour. Six vertical profiles of temperature and salinity were collected using standard CTD instruments near U5 in August 1995, March 1997, June 1999, September 2005, August 2008, and October 2012. The data were quality controlled and quality assured before provision to the community via SEANOE. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

As part of the STeP project (STorfjorden Polynya multidisciplinary study), two moorings, M1 and M2, were deployed in Storfjorden (Svalbard) on July 14, 2016 from the French R/V L’Atalante and were recovered one year later, on September 28, 2017, from the French R/V Pourquoi-Pas?. The two moorings, deployed a few hundred meters apart at 78°N and 20°E at a depth of 100m, documented the formation of dense Brine-enriched Shelf Water (BSW).  The moorings included both physical oceanography (PO) and biogeochemistry sensors. The present dataset is composed of PO data only: the 3 components of the currents, backscatter, salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen. PO sensors on M1, spanning the whole water column, included 6 Seabird SBE37 microcat (CTD),  15 RBR solo (T), and 1 RBR duet (TD) for hydrography, while currents were monitored with a RDI WH 300kHz upward looking ADCP and 1 Nortek Aquadopp underneath. PO sensors on the shorter M2 mooring included 1 Seabird SBE63 (CTD-O2), 1 RBR solo (T) and 1 RBR duo (TD). Data have been calibrated and validated and the different steps of this processing are discussed in the technical report provided with the dataset. Two netcdf4 files are provided for M1: one for hydrography (STEP2016_M1_hydrography.nc), the other one (STEP2016_M1_current.nc)  for currents and backscatter. Only one netcdf4 files (STEP2016_M2_hydrography.nc) is provided for the shorter M2. Temperature and salinity data from SBE sensors have been interpolated on a common time grid with a 20’ time step. Likewise temperature data from RBR are provided on a 30” time grid. A merged SBE-RBR dataset has also been built for increased vertical resolution, providing temperature every 20’. ADCP data are provided on a 100’ time grid. The user is referred to the technical report provided with the dataset for further information on the different fields. Important Note: This submission has been initially submitted to SEA scieNtific Open data Edition (SEANOE) publication service and received the recorded DOI. The metadata elements have been further processed (refined) in EMODnet Ingestion Service in order to conform with the Data Submission Service specifications.

GlobCurrent is an analysis that linearly combines the geostrophic and Ekman components. Drifters respond locally to a combination of geostrophic, Ekman, tidal, inertial, Stokes, and wind drift processes, including processes on scales smaller and faster than the GlobCurrent grid can resolve. Collocations of drifters (whose drogues move roughly with the 15-m current) and GlobCurrent (also at 15 m, with additional samples at daily intervals from two days before to two days after collocation) are included in this dataset. Six-hourly drifter velocity has been estimated following Hansen and Poulain (1996). We restrict attention to drifters whose continuous drogue presence was confirmed by objective or subjective means (Rio et al. 2012, Lumpkin et al. 2013). The resulting geographic distribution for 1993-2015 (Fig. 1) yields more than eleven million drifter and GlobCurrent zonal and meridional velocity estimates. (A comparable number of drifters lost their drogues and, being more responsive to surface wind forcing, are omitted.)